CRYSTAL

CRYSTAL manufactures substrates and wafers for the deposition of thin films and optical components from crystalline materials. It offers oxidic materials for deposition of HTSL films; semiconductor wafers for homo and heteroepitactical growth; fluorides and oxides for deposition of metallic thin films; and substrates for nitrides films. CRYSTAL also provides optical components, such as windows, lenses, and prisms; and laser components for laser applications, optical applications, electronic applications, and basic research applications. Andreas Wenzel and Klaus Schwenkenbecher founded it in 1990, with its headquarters in Berlin in Germany.